Problem: Oral ulcers: Horses can get ulcers on their cheeks and tongue secondary to the presence of sharp enamel points.
Solution: Routine floating will remove the enamel points on the outside of the upper and the inside of the lower cheek teeth which will allow the ulcers to heal.
Problem: Hooks on first cheek teeth. These will limit the range of motion of the jaw.
Solution: Removal of hook. [Occlusal Equlibration]


Problem: Fractured upper control incisor. No Pulp involvement
Solution: Composite restoration placed to protect any subsequent pulp exposure which could lead to death of the tooth.
Problem: Loose upper corner incisor. Horse was reluctnt to have bridle placed in his mouth.
Solution:Insisor extracted. Extraction site initially packed with plug. Owner then rinsed mouth daily to promote healing.
Problem: Numerous expired cheek teeth [enamel in the center of the tooth has worn down to the gum line, thus reducing the horse's surface area for chewing hay. A normal age related change].
Solution:Removal of sharp enamel points. Nutritional counseling.
Problem: Very tall tooth [step]
Solution: Tooth needs to be reduced in stages to prevent pulp exposure.
Problem: Calculus on lower right canine
Solution: Remove using dental forceps. Mild gingivitis may develop underneath the calculus that will resolve on its own.
Problem: Packing food in between cheek teeth on upper left side. Horse may have bad breath.
Solution:Food needs to be removed and underlying gum tissue needs to be visually and radiographically evaluated to determine the extent of the periodontal disease.
Problem: Left sided nasal discharge. Discharge had an odor and was yellow-green in color. Oral examination revealed a saggital fracxture fo the last left upper cheek tooth. The root of this tooth communicates with the sinus, causing a secondary sinusitis. Once the sinus was full of fluid, the nasal discharge started.
Solution:Oral expiration of fractured tooth. The horse was then given oral antibotics for four weeks which resolved the secondary sinus infection. If antibiotics do not resolve the infection, the sinuses would have to be flushed.